Scientific journal
Economics. Law. Innovation

Abstract

The relationship between the standard of living and the level of crime has been repeatedly studied in different countries at different stages of their development. In the article, two countries are chosen as the object of study, in which in recent decades there has been an increase in the standard of living of the population – Russia and China. For these countries, the most characteristic and unified indicators were selected as dependent and independent variables, data for the last 30 years were collected and analyzed. The study examined the dynamics of all selected indicators over a long period. The study established a connection between the crime rate (the number of victims of intentional homicides per 100,000 population) and the standard of living (HDI and its components) in both countries. For each country, regression models were built that reflect the quantitative characteristics of these dependencies. Additionally, the connection between the crime level in the Russian Federation and the differentiation of the population by income level has been studied.

Keywords: analysis of relationships, crime rate, dynamics, human development index (HDI), standard of living

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Abstract

The study of business processes in the waste management industry in Russia is significant for the development of strategies and solutions in the field of sustainable development, contributing to the preservation of the environment and resources, as well as the reduction of the negative impact of waste on society and the economy. This article analyzes key stages and events related to waste processing and disposal, describing the most effective methods and technologies used in this industry. The main objective of the research is to identify the problems and potential of business processes in the waste management industry in Russia. The article raises an important question about the need to improve business processes in this industry to enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of companies operating in this field. To achieve these goals, an analysis of the key stages and processes related to waste processing was conducted. The study examines the fundamental technologies and methods employed in Russia for the treatment of various types of waste, including plastic, glass, metals, and organic waste. The findings of the research allowed for the identification of existing problems faced by waste management companies in Russia. One of the main issues is the insufficient efficiency of business processes, leading to the loss of resources and opportunities for sustainable development. Based on the obtained research results, the article proposes recommendations and strategies for improving business processes in the waste management industry in Russia. The implementation of these recommendations will enhance the efficiency of resource utilization, reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment and society, and improve the competitiveness of companies in this industry. The study also presents strategies for increasing the economic efficiency of the waste management industry in Russia through the use of business modeling tools for sustainable national development.

Keywords: business modeling, business process, circular economy, ecology, economics sustainable development, waste processing, waste sorting

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Abstract

The article analyzes the key optimization and planning methods used for transport logistics. An algorithm using graph models for the formation of optimal transportation routes, taking into account the main logistical factors, is considered. In contrast to the classical routing problem for transport logistics, the authors use multifactorial assessment and adaptive heuristics in the presented work. The heuristics proposed by the authors takes into account not only the distance, but also important logistic parameters, such as fuel costs and the time of passage of the route section. The applied multifactorial assessment allows us to build a refined graph model and obtain optimal routes that take into account many factors, which increases efficiency, reduces costs and delivery time. The problem of multi-criteria route optimization solved by the authors has practical application for routing the delivery of goods from large marketplaces to pick-up points taking into account many factors. To solve the problem, the authors present a multi-factor route optimization method A* with adaptive heuristics. For instrumental support of logistics systems in the object-oriented programming language C#, an algorithm is implemented in the form of a library. The developed algorithm and software allow solving problems of optimization, planning and development of the transport and logistics services sector.

Keywords: algorithm for constructing routes, methods of transportation optimization, transport logistics

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